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FDIC
(Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)
The FDIC insures deposits at U.S. banks up to $250,000 per depositor, per account category, maintaining stability since 1933 by preventing bank runs. It covers $9 trillion in deposits at 4,700 institutions with a $125 billion insurance fund.
When banks fail (4 annually on average), the FDIC either finds acquiring institutions or pays insured depositors directly (within 2 business days). It also examines banks for safety/soundness, with "Problem Bank List" monitoring 1.5% of institutions. The 2023 SVB collapse tested the FDIC's systemic risk exception, temporarily covering all deposits. Beyond insurance, the FDIC promotes financial inclusion through initiatives like BankOn (2 million accounts opened).
When banks fail (4 annually on average), the FDIC either finds acquiring institutions or pays insured depositors directly (within 2 business days). It also examines banks for safety/soundness, with "Problem Bank List" monitoring 1.5% of institutions. The 2023 SVB collapse tested the FDIC's systemic risk exception, temporarily covering all deposits. Beyond insurance, the FDIC promotes financial inclusion through initiatives like BankOn (2 million accounts opened).